genome Archives | ��ϳԹ��Դ

Enter the CRISPR frontier

Communications Department — Mon, 08 Sep 2025 11:30:33 +0000

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Licensed to live

Jennifer Michalowski — Tue, 29 Jul 2025 11:30:21 +0000

The DNA packed inside every human cell contains instructions for life, written in billions of letters of genetic code. Every time a cell divides, the complete code, divided among 46 chromosomes, must be faithfully copied. This staggering task happens over and over with extraordinary precision. Decades of research have revealed how dozens of proteins work...

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At the Lab Episode 26: The golden grail of genomics

Communications Department — Tue, 01 Oct 2024 11:30:21 +0000

First, there was the Human Genome Project. Then, there was ENCODE. CSHL Professor Thomas Gingeras recently spoke with Scientific American about the legacy of ENCODE. This week At the Lab, he talks about a new follow-up project called EN-TEx and its promise for the coming era of personalized medicine. Thank you for joining us for...

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At the Lab Episode 3: Autism Awareness Month

Communications Department — Tue, 16 Apr 2024 11:30:38 +0000

In recognition of Autism Awareness Month, CSHL Professor Ivan Iossofiv joins us At the Lab to discuss what we know about autism today and the research aiming to decipher its origins. Join us as we walk through the amazing discoveries CSHL scientists have made and consider their implications for the future of autism research.

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An evolutionary mystery 125 million years in the making

Luis Sandoval — Mon, 04 Mar 2024 19:00:44 +0000

Plant genomics has come a long way since ��ϳԹ��Դ (CSHL) helped sequence the first plant genome. But engineering the perfect crop is still, in many ways, a game of chance. Making the same DNA mutation in two different plants doesn’t always give us the crop traits we want. The question is why...

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A quiz for the ages

Communications Department — Mon, 29 Jan 2024 12:30:33 +0000

{“questions”:{“4ib35”:{“id”:”4ib35″,”mediaType”:”image”,”answerType”:”text”,”imageCredit”:””,”image”:”https:\/\/www.cshl.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Pancreatic_tissue_with_CAR_T_cells.jpg”,”imageId”:”67343″,”video”:””,”imagePlaceholder”:””,”imagePlaceholderId”:””,”title”:”Modified T cells may hold the key to the mythical fountain of youth. CSHL scientists discovered just one dose is enough to rejuvenate older mice. What happened to these mice after T cell treatment?”,”desc”:”Assistant Professor Corina Amor Vegas discovered T cells can be reprogrammed to fight aging. After using them to eliminate specific cells in...

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The ancient viruses in human DNA

Communications Department — Thu, 24 Aug 2023 11:30:28 +0000

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A singular class trying to solve the trillion-cell question

Luis Sandoval — Thu, 27 Jul 2023 18:00:38 +0000

The human body is made up of over 30 trillion cells, and we still aren’t sure what each does. Figuring it out requires sifting through a whole “ecosystem” of tissues and organs. How does one even begin to approach a task this complex? Enter: the Single-Cell Analysis course, part of the Meetings & Courses Program...

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The digital dark matter clouding AI

Luis Sandoval — Mon, 05 Jun 2023 11:30:19 +0000

Artificial intelligence has entered our daily lives. First, it was ChatGPT. Now, it’s AI-generated pizza and beer commercials. While we can’t trust AI to be perfect, it turns out that sometimes we can’t trust ourselves with AI either. ��ϳԹ��Դ (CSHL) Assistant Professor Peter Koo has found that scientists using popular computational tools...

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Siblings with autism share more of dad’s genome, not mom’s

Luis Sandoval — Mon, 22 May 2023 11:30:51 +0000

��ϳԹ��Դ (CSHL) researchers have flipped the script on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) genetics. Scientists long thought that siblings born with ASD share more of their mother’s genome than their father’s. But CSHL Associate Professor Ivan Iossifov and Professor Michael Wigler have now shown that, in many cases, it’s dad who might be...

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Exposing the evolutionary weak spots of the human genome

Nick Wurm — Thu, 22 Sep 2022 11:30:38 +0000

Mutations can be good and bad. Sometimes they help an organism adapt and survive. Other times they are so harmful that an organism can’t survive or reproduce. ��ϳԹ��Դ (CSHL) Professor Adam Siepel’s team has created a computer program that tracks the history of harmful mutations in the human genome throughout evolution. They...

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How hormones define brain sex differences

Jennifer Michalowski — Wed, 04 May 2022 15:00:36 +0000

Sex hormones play an important role in shaping an animal’s behavior, and their influence starts early. Early-life hormonal surges help shape the developing brain, establishing circuitry that will influence behavior for a lifetime. Hundreds of genes in the brain fall under the control of estrogen. Fluctuating levels of the hormone cause shifts in mood, energy...

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DNA replication: A game of precision

Jasmine Lee — Sun, 25 Apr 2021 13:00:40 +0000

Stretching out the DNA in all 46 chromosomes packed into one human cell would make a string of DNA two meters long. Accurately replicating all that DNA is vital to survival; cells must control this process with tremendous precision in time and space. Origin recognition complexes (ORCs) initiate the task of DNA replication throughout an...

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Reversing a genetic cause of poor stress responses in mice

Jasmine Lee — Wed, 07 Apr 2021 15:00:06 +0000

Ophn1 gene causes mice to respond to stressful situations with an inappropriate helpless behavior. CSHL Professor Linda Van Aelst and her lab wanted to know the exact location in the mouse brain affected by the lack of Ophn1 that leads to this helpless/depressive behavior. In this image of a mouse brain, the green color shows the prelimbic region of the medial prefrontal cortex, where the researchers injected a virus to delete Ophn1. Ophn1 (red) is still present in other parts of the brain. The researchers discovered that deleting the gene in only this part of the brain caused the observed failure in stress adaptation. Human brains are organized similarly, so their findings in mice may be applicable to helping human patients who experience an inability to deal with stressful situations. Image: Minghui Wang/Van Aelst Lab." data-description="" />Everyone faces stress occasionally, whether in school, at work, or during a global pandemic. However, some cannot cope as well as others. In a few cases, the cause is genetic. In humans, mutations in the OPHN1 gene cause a rare X-linked disease that includes poor stress tolerance. ��ϳԹ��Դ (CSHL) Professor Linda Van...

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How human cells coordinate the start of DNA replication

Jasmine Lee — Tue, 23 Mar 2021 15:00:11 +0000

��ϳԹ��Դ (CSHL) President and CEO Bruce Stillman has been dissecting DNA replication, a critical step in cell division, since the 1980s. His lab studies how Origin Recognition Complexes—ORCs—coordinate DNA duplication. They discovered how our cells assemble and disassemble ORCs during the cell division cycle. One ORC protein is sequestered into small liquid...

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The complete human genome: A “book of life”

Jasmine Lee — Wed, 24 Feb 2021 16:00:28 +0000

The human genome has been referred to as the “book of life,” containing all the necessary instructions to build a human being. After years of bouncing around the idea of spelling out this “book,” a group of biologists met at the ��ϳԹ��Դ (CSHL) Banbury Center in 1989 to devise a concrete plan...

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The “ORC” twists, pinches, and dances around DNA

Marc Persad — Wed, 16 Sep 2020 20:20:11 +0000

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Replicating a genome starts with a twist, a pinch, and a bit of a dance

Eliene Augenbraun — Wed, 16 Sep 2020 12:00:35 +0000

The most basic activity of a living thing is to turn one copy of its genome into two copies, crafting one cell into two. That replication event begins with a set of proteins—the Origin Recognition Complex (ORC). And, with some cancers and developmental diseases linked to ORC proteins, structural biologists need to see how the...

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Understanding the inner workings of the human heart

Communications Department — Wed, 19 Aug 2020 15:00:25 +0000

Researchers have investigated the function of a complex mesh of muscle fibers that line the inner surface of the heart. The study, published in the journal Nature, sheds light on questions asked by Leonardo da Vinci 500 years ago, and shows how the shape of these muscles impacts heart performance and heart failure. In humans,...

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Teachers make genomes more useful… from home

Brian Stallard — Thu, 21 May 2020 16:00:57 +0000

Imagine a book written with all the right words, but no spaces between words, no punctuation, no chapter headings—it would look like a senseless string of letters one after the other. That is what the first draft of a genome sequence looks like. To make sense of the long string of letters, scientists have programmed...

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